Translates programs consisting of specific numbers and letters to move the spindle (or workpiece) to various locations and depths. Can either be a Vertical Milling Center (VMC) or a Horizontal Milling Center, depending on the orientation of the spindle. Many use G-code. Functions include: face milling, shoulder milling, tapping, drilling and some even offer turning. Today, CNC mills can have 3 to 6 axes. Most CNC mills require placing the workpiece on or in them and must be at least as big as the workpiece, but new 3-axis machines are being produced that are much smaller.